{"id":2727,"date":"2023-10-30T16:28:35","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T15:28:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/gestion-du-bruit\/sources-de-bruit\/tir\/"},"modified":"2024-07-24T00:10:38","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T22:10:38","slug":"tir","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/","title":{"rendered":"Tir"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-transparent ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a6e3edae7b8e\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Inhaltsverzeichnis<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-cssicon\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" style='display:none' id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a6e3edae7b8e\" checked \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#mesures-contre-le-bruit-de-tir\" >Mesures contre le bruit de tir<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#acoustique-du-bruit-de-tir\" >Acoustique du bruit de tir<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#detonation-de-bouche\" >D\u00e9tonation de bouche<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#detonation-de-projectile\" >D\u00e9tonation de projectile<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#competences\" >Comp\u00e9tences<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#jurisprudence\" >Jurisprudence<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#aides-a-lexecution-du-cercle-bruit-suisse\" >Aides \u00e0 l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cution du Cercle Bruit Suisse<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#informations-complementaires\" >Informations compl\u00e9mentaires<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#categories\" >Cat\u00e9gories<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#installations-de-tir-civiles\" >Installations de tir civiles<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/#installations-de-tir-militaires\" >Installations de tir militaires<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Au fil du temps, l&rsquo;exposition au bruit des installations de tir civils a consid\u00e9rablement diminu\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019assainissement de la plupart des stands de tir ou au regroupement des installations &#8211; en partie supprim\u00e9es. Il y a cependant encore des lacunes \u00e0 combler.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lors de la d\u00e9termination du niveau d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation du bruit de tir pertinent, une distinction est faite entre les installations de tir civiles et les places d\u2019armes, de tir et d\u2019exercice militaires. Les diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9thodes de calcul sont d\u00e9finies \u00e0 l&rsquo;annexe 7 (installations de tir civiles) et \u00e0 l&rsquo;annexe 9 (places de tir militaires) de l&rsquo;ordonnance sur la proteection contre le bruit (OPB).<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OPB\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a class=\"ex_\" href=\"http:\/\/www.admin.ch\/ch\/f\/sr\/814_41\/app7.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Valeurs limites d&rsquo;exposition au bruit des installations de tir civiles<\/a> Annexe 7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a class=\"ex_\" href=\"http:\/\/www.admin.ch\/ch\/f\/sr\/814_41\/app9.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Valeurs limites d&rsquo;exposition au bruit des installations de tir militaires<\/a> Annexe 9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"mesures-contre-le-bruit-de-tir\"><\/span>Mesures contre le bruit de tir<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La limitation \u00e0 la source du bruit de tir est assur\u00e9e par une combinaison de mesures relevant de l\u2019organisation et de la construction. La limitation des activit\u00e9s de tir \u00e0 des demi-jours et la suppression des tirs le dimanche et les jours f\u00e9ri\u00e9s sont les mesures les plus efficaces.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Schwerzenbach_20090625_SASchwerzenbach_767.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3978\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Schwerzenbach_20090625_SASchwerzenbach_767.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Schwerzenbach_20090625_SASchwerzenbach_767-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Schwerzenbach_20090625_SASchwerzenbach_767-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Schwerzenbach_20090625_SASchwerzenbach_767-725x544.jpg 725w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source : zh.ch<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les mesures envisageables sont les suivantes :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Regroupement ou fermeture de stands de tir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Limitation temporelle des activit\u00e9s de tir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Isolation acoustique du stand de tir pour amortir la d\u00e9tonation de bouche<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c9crans de protection pour amortir la d\u00e9tonation de bouche<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tunnel de tir pour amortir la d\u00e9tonation de bouche<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Digues ou parois antibruit pour absorber l&rsquo;impact des projectiles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"acoustique-du-bruit-de-tir\"><\/span>Acoustique du bruit de tir<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un coup de feu d\u00e9clenche deux \u00e9v\u00e9nements sonores :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La d\u00e9tonation de bouche<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La d\u00e9tonation de projectile<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les deux bruits provoquent des niveaux de bruit diff\u00e9rents dans la zone d&rsquo;influence d&rsquo;un champ de tir.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"detonation-de-bouche\"><\/span>D\u00e9tonation de bouche<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tous les types de munitions produisent une d\u00e9tonation de bouche (explosion) avec une onde de choc acoustique sensiblement conique et des valeurs de bruit suivantes \u00e0 la source (distance 1 m) :<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Arme<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Valeur \u00e0 la source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Fusils d\u2019assaut<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">137 dB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Armes de chasse (balle)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">137 dB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Pistolets de gros calibre<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">133 dB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Armes de chasse (plomb)<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">131 dB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Pistolets de petit calibre<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">122 dB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Fusils de petit calibre<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">105 dB<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"detonation-de-projectile\"><\/span>D\u00e9tonation de projectile<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les munitions pour les fusils d&rsquo;assaut et les armes de chasse (balles) produisent une d\u00e9tonation (supersonique) en raison de leur vitesse initiale V<sub>0<\/sub> \u00e9lev\u00e9e avec les caract\u00e9ristiques et les valeurs de bruit suivantes \u00e0 la source (distance 1 m) :<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Arme<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Munition<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">V<sub>0<\/sub><\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">C\u00f4ne de Mach<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Valeur \u00e0 la source<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">F ass 57<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">GP11<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">748 m\/s<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">54-68\u00b0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">122 dB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">F ass 90<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">GP90<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">905 m\/s<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">44-36\u00b0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">119 dB<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Avec les autres armes, la vitesse initiale V<sub>0<\/sub> est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 340 m\/s et il n&rsquo;y a pas de d\u00e9tonation de projectile.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00e9partition spatiale du niveau de bruit sur une installation de tir \u00e0 300 m. Les lignes en forme de t\u00eate de chat, de niveaux sonores \u00e9gaux, r\u00e9sultent de la superposition de la d\u00e9tonation de bouche et de la d\u00e9tonation de projectile.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"competences\"><\/span>Comp\u00e9tences<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes pour les installations de tir civiles et les installations de tir militaires sont diff\u00e9rentes.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4fc3f8e1 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"an_\" href=\"#installations-de-tir-civiles\">Installations de tir civiles<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"an_\" href=\"#installations-de-tir-militaires\">Installations de tir militaires<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"jurisprudence\"><\/span>Jurisprudence<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La rubrique \u00ab\u00a0Bases l\u00e9gales\u00a0\u00bb contient un recueil des d\u00e9cisions des tribunaux f\u00e9d\u00e9raux et administratifs sur les diff\u00e9rents types de bruit.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"_in\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/droit-et-loi\/#jurisprudence\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"65\">Informations compl\u00e9mentaires sur la base de donn\u00e9es<\/a><br\/><a class=\"_in\" href=\"https:\/\/rechtsprechung.laerm.ch\/?lang=fr&amp;filterColumn1=laermart&amp;filterValue1=Bruit%20de%20tir\">Bruit de tir<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"aides-a-lexecution-du-cercle-bruit-suisse\"><\/span>Aides \u00e0 l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cution du Cercle Bruit Suisse<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;Association des sp\u00e9cialistes cantonaux de la protection contre le bruit met \u00e0 disposition des aides \u00e0 l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cution et d&rsquo;autres documents sur des th\u00e8mes sp\u00e9cifiques au bruit. Les documents proviennent de la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration, des cantons, des services sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s et d&rsquo;associations.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"_ex\" href=\"https:\/\/cerclebruit.ch\/?inc=enforcement&amp;lang=fr&amp;e=7\/700.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Aide \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution : 7 Bruit de tir<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"informations-complementaires\"><\/span>Informations compl\u00e9mentaires<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>OFEV\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a class=\"dl_\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/schiesslaerm_BAFU_umweltschutz.pdf\">Umweltschutz \u2013 Schiessen: Jedes Dorf hat seine Bleimine<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OFEFP\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a class=\"dl_\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cerclebruit.ch\/enforcement\/7\/702_BUWAL_empfehlung_schiesslaerm.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Empfehlung zur Beurteilung des L\u00e4rms von milit\u00e4rischen Schiess- und \u00dcbungspl\u00e4tzen (PDF)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cantons<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ZH\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a class=\"ex_\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zh.ch\/de\/umwelt-tiere\/laerm-schall\/schiesslaerm.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Berechnungswerkzeug Pegelkorrektur<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Informations suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ZUP (Z\u00fcrcher Umweltpraxis)\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a class=\"dl_\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/schiesslaerm_ZUP_knall_knaellchen.pdf\">Vom Knall zum Kn\u00e4llchen: Akustik des Schiessl\u00e4rms und L\u00e4rmschutzmassnahmen<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"categories\"><\/span>Cat\u00e9gories<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"installations-de-tir-civiles\"><\/span>Installations de tir civiles<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On estime qu&rsquo;il y a un quart de million de tireurs actifs en Suisse. La F\u00e9d\u00e9ration sportive suisse de tir (FST) est la troisi\u00e8me plus grande association sportive de Suisse.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Champs de tir et calibres<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les armes utilis\u00e9es dans les champs de tir civils sont class\u00e9es dans les cat\u00e9gories suivantes (annexe 7 n\u00b0 1 paragraphe 2 OPB) :<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fusils d&rsquo;assaut et les armes \u00e0 feu portatives (fusils) de calibre comparable<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Armes \u00e0 feu de poing \u00e0 percussion centrale (pistolets), notamment pistolets d\u2019ordonnance<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Armes \u00e0 feu de poing \u00e0 percussion annulaire (pistolets de petit calibre)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Armes portatives \u00e0 percussion annulaire (fusils de petit calibre)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Carabines et fusils de chasse avec cartouches \u00e0 balles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fusils de chasse \u00e0 grenaille<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Autres armes \u00e0 feu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9valuation<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;annexe 7 de l&rsquo;ordonnance sur la protection contre le bruit (OPB) d\u00e9finit les valeurs limites et les bases de calcul des valeurs d&rsquo;exposition pertinentes. La situation en mati\u00e8re de bruit est calcul\u00e9e et \u00e9valu\u00e9e sur la base de donn\u00e9es d&rsquo;exploitation r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement collect\u00e9es. Le d\u00e9passement des valeurs limites donne lieu \u00e0 des mesures d&rsquo;assainissement.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concentration et restriction<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;objectif est toujours de tirer un maximum de coups de feu en un minimum de temps afin de r\u00e9duire au maximum les nuisances sonores. Dans les communes, les dispositions du r\u00e8glement communal ou de police ont \u00e9t\u00e9 compl\u00e9t\u00e9es en cons\u00e9quence (restrictions horaires, plan de tir).<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comp\u00e9tences<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette cat\u00e9gorie de bruit avec valeurs limites est de la responsabilit\u00e9 du service cantonal comp\u00e9tent et, dans les grandes villes, du service communal comp\u00e9tent.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"_in\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/contacts\/services-de-protection-contre-le-bruit\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"63\">Services sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dans le domaine de la protection contre le bruit<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jurisprudence<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La rubrique \u00ab\u00a0Bases l\u00e9gales\u00a0\u00bb contient un recueil des d\u00e9cisions des tribunaux f\u00e9d\u00e9raux et administratifs sur les diff\u00e9rents types de bruit.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"_in\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/droit-et-loi\/#jurisprudence\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"65\">Informations compl\u00e9mentaires sur la base de donn\u00e9es<\/a><br\/><a class=\"_in\" href=\"https:\/\/rechtsprechung.laerm.ch\/?lang=fr&amp;filterColumn1=laermart&amp;filterValue1=Bruit%20de%20tir\">Bruit de tir<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aides \u00e0 l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cution du Cercle Bruit Suisse<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&rsquo;Association des sp\u00e9cialistes cantonaux de la protection contre le bruit met \u00e0 disposition des aides \u00e0 l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cution et d&rsquo;autres documents sur des th\u00e8mes sp\u00e9cifiques au bruit. Les documents proviennent de la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration, des cantons, des services sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s et d&rsquo;associations.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"_ex\" href=\"https:\/\/cerclebruit.ch\/?inc=enforcement&amp;lang=fr&amp;e=7\/700.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Aide \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution : 7 Bruit de tir<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Informations compl\u00e9mentaires<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cercle Bruit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u00e4rmorama\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a class=\"ex_\" href=\"https:\/\/www.laermorama.ch\/m5_krachmacher\/schiesslaerm_v.html\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.laermorama.ch\/m5_krachmacher\/schiesslaerm_v.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Krachmacher Schiessl\u00e4rm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"installations-de-tir-militaires\"><\/span>Installations de tir militaires<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le fusil d&rsquo;assaut 90 est l&rsquo;arme standard de l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e suisse. On estime que l&rsquo;arm\u00e9e suisse compte environ un demi-million d&rsquo;exemplaires de fusil d&rsquo;assaut 90 en service. En plus d\u2019assurer la d\u00e9fense, cela g\u00e9n\u00e8re \u00e9galement du bruit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"263\" src=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Stgw_90-1024x263.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4016\" srcset=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stgw_90-1024x263.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stgw_90-300x77.jpg 300w, https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stgw_90-768x197.jpg 768w, https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stgw_90-725x186.jpg 725w, https:\/\/laerm.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/Stgw_90.jpg 1052w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source : Wikipedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Comp\u00e9tences<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le D\u00e9partement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral de la d\u00e9fense, de la protection de la population et des sports (DDPS) est responsable de la lutte contre le bruit des installations de tir militaires. Le DDPS a l&rsquo;intention, dans un premier temps, d&rsquo;\u00e9tudier syst\u00e9matiquement ses champs de tir et d\u2019\u00e9tablir un registre des nuisances sonores. Par la suite, les mesures n\u00e9cessaires seront d\u00e9finies et mises en \u0153uvre dans le cadre des proc\u00e9dures d&rsquo;approbation de la planification militaire.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jurisprudence<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La rubrique \u00ab\u00a0Bases l\u00e9gales\u00a0\u00bb contient un recueil des d\u00e9cisions des tribunaux f\u00e9d\u00e9raux et administratifs sur les diff\u00e9rents types de bruit.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"_in\" href=\"https:\/\/laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/droit-et-loi\/#jurisprudence\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"65\">Informations compl\u00e9mentaires sur la base de donn\u00e9es<\/a><br\/><a class=\"_in\" href=\"https:\/\/rechtsprechung.laerm.ch\/?lang=fr&amp;filterColumn1=laermart&amp;filterValue1=Bruit%20de%20tir\">Bruit de tir<\/a><\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Aides \u00e0 l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cution du Cercle Bruit Suisse<\/h4>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le groupement des responsables cantonaux de la protection contre le bruit (Cercle Bruit) fournit des aides \u00e0 l&rsquo;ex\u00e9cution et d&rsquo;autres documents sur des questions sp\u00e9cifiques au bruit. Les documents proviennent de la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration, des cantons, de services sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s et d&rsquo;associations.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"_ex\" href=\"https:\/\/cerclebruit.ch\/?inc=enforcement&amp;lang=fr&amp;e=7\/700.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Aide \u00e0 l\u2019ex\u00e9cution : 7 Bruit de tir<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Au fil du temps, l&rsquo;exposition au bruit des installations de tir civils a consid\u00e9rablement diminu\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019assainissement de la plupart des stands de tir ou au regroupement des installations &#8211; en partie supprim\u00e9es. Il y a cependant encore des lacunes \u00e0 combler. Lors de la d\u00e9termination du niveau d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation du bruit de tir pertinent, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3744,"parent":393,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2727","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tir - L\u00e4rm.ch<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/test.laerm.ch\/fr\/problemes-de-bruit\/sources-de-bruit-evaluation\/tir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tir - L\u00e4rm.ch\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Au fil du temps, l&rsquo;exposition au bruit des installations de tir civils a consid\u00e9rablement diminu\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019assainissement de la plupart des stands de tir ou au regroupement des installations &#8211; en partie supprim\u00e9es. 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